औद्योगिक क्रान्तिको सुरुवात बेलायतमा भयो र धेरै प्राविधिक तथा यान्त्रिक आविष्कारहरू बेलायती मुलका थिए।<ref>{{cite book|title= Reconceptualizing the Industrial Revolution |last1= Horn|first1=Jeff |last2= Rosenband|first2= Leonard|last3= Smith|first3= Merritt|year= 2010|publisher =MIT Press|location=Cambridge MA, London |isbn= 978-0-262-51562-7}}</ref><ref>E. Anthony Wrigley, "Reconsidering the Industrial Revolution: England and Wales." ''Journal of Interdisciplinary History'' 49.01 (2018): 9–42.</ref> १८ औं शताब्दीको मध्य सम्ममा बेलायत विश्वको अग्रणी व्यापारिक राष्ट्र थियो,<ref>{{cite book|title= Capitalism: A complete understanding of the nature and value of human economic life|last=Reisman|first= George|year= 1998|isbn= 978-0-915463-73-2
|publisher =Jameson Books |page=127}}</ref> र यसले अमेरिका र क्यारिबियनमा उपनिवेश, भारतीय उपमहाद्वीपमा सैन्य तथा राजनैतिक प्रभुत्व सहितको वैश्विक व्यापारिक साम्राज्यको नियन्त्रण गरेको थियो। <ref name="tong">{{cite book |first=Junie T. |last=Tong |year=2016 |title=Finance and Society in 21st Century China: Chinese Culture Versus Western Markets |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_UQGDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151 |publisher=CRC Press |page=151 |isbn=978-1-317-13522-7}}</ref><ref name="esposito">{{cite book |editor-first1=John L. |editor-last1=Esposito |editor1-link=John L. Esposito |year=2004 |title=The Islamic World: Past and Present |volume=Volume 1: Abba - Hist. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KZcohRpc4OsC&pg=PT190 |publisher=Oxford University Press |page=174 |isbn=978-0-19-516520-3}}</ref><ref name="rayB">{{cite book |first=Indrajit |last=Ray |year=2011 |title=Bengal Industries and the British Industrial Revolution (1757-1857) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CHOrAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA7 |publisher=Routledge |pages=7–10 |isbn=978-1-136-82552-1}}</ref><ref name="David_Landes_1999"/> व्यापार व्यवसायमा विकास र उदय नै औद्योगिक क्रान्तिको मुख्य कारण थियो।<ref name="David S. Landes 1969"/>{{rp|15}}<!--Laws also shaped the revolution, such as courts ruling in favor of [[property rights]]. An entrepreneurial spirit and consumer revolution helped drive [[industrialisation]] in Britain which after 1800 was emulated in Belgium, the United States, and France.<ref name="Kiely"/> -->
==सुधार ==
The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way. In particular, average income and population began to exhibit unprecedented sustained growth. Some economists have said the most important effect of the Industrial Revolution was that the [[standard of living]] for the general population in the western world began to increase consistently for the first time in history, although others have said that it did not begin to meaningfully improve until the late 19th and 20th centuries.<ref name="Lectures on Economic Growth"/><ref name="Feinstein2014"/><ref name="SzreterMooney2014"/>
[[Lists of countries by GDP per capita|GDP per capita]] was broadly stable before the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the modern [[capitalism|capitalist]] economy,<ref name="The Industrial Revolution"/> while the Industrial Revolution began an era of per-capita [[economic growth]] in capitalist economies.<ref name="The Industrial Revolution ''Past and Future''"/> Economic historians are in agreement that the onset of the Industrial Revolution is the most important event in the [[History of the world|history of humanity]] since the [[domestication]] of animals and plants.<ref name="ReviewOfCambridge"/>
The precise start and end of the Industrial Revolution is still debated among historians, as is the pace of economic and [[social change]]s.<ref name="revolution"/><ref name="google1"/><ref name="Rehabilitating the Industrial Revolution"/><ref name="lorenzen"/> [[Eric Hobsbawm]] held that the Industrial Revolution began in Britain in the 1780s and was not fully felt until the 1830s or 1840s,<ref name="revolution"/> while [[T. S. Ashton]] held that it occurred roughly between 1760 and 1830.<ref name="google1"/> Rapid [[industrialization]] first began in Britain, starting with mechanized spinning in the 1780s,<ref name="auto">{{cite web|last1=Gupta|first1=Bishnupriya|title=Cotton Textiles and the Great Divergence: Lancashire, India and Shifting Competitive Advantage, 1600–1850|url=http://www.iisg.nl/hpw/papers/broadberry-gupta.pdf|website=International Institute of Social History|publisher=Department of Economics, University of Warwick|access-date=5 December 2016}}</ref> with high rates of growth in steam power and iron production occurring after 1800. [[Textile industry|Mechanized textile production]] spread from Great Britain to continental Europe and the United States in the early 19th century, with important centres of textiles, iron, and [[coal]] emerging [[#Belgium|in Belgium]] and the United States and later textiles in France.<ref name="David S. Landes 1969"/>
