Tin,  50Sn
सामान्य गुणहरू
नाम, संकेतtin, Sn
उच्चारण/ˈtɪn/
उपस्थितिsilvery (left, beta) or gray (right, alpha)
पेरियोडिक टेबलमा Tin
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Ununtrium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (post-transition metal)
Ununpentium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununseptium (unknown chemical properties)
Ununoctium (unknown chemical properties)
Ge

Sn

Pb
indiumtinantimony
आणविक संख्या50
मानक आणविक भार118.710
तत्वको श्रेणीpost-transition metal
समुह, ब्लकgroup 14 (carbon group), p-block
पेरियोडperiod 5
इलेक्ट्रोन वितरण[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
प्रति सेल2, 8, 18, 18, 4
भौतिक गुणहरू
अवस्थाsolid
पग्लने विन्दु505.08 K ​(231.93 °C, ​449.47 °F)
उम्लने विन्दु2875 K ​(2602 °C, ​4716 °F)
Density near r.t.(white) 7.365 g·cm−3
(gray) 5.769 g·cm−3
liquid, at m.p.6.99 g·cm−3
फ्युजनको ताप(white) 7.03 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization(white) 296.1 kJ·mol−1
मोलार ताप क्षमता(white) 27.112 J·mol−1·K−1
vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1497 1657 1855 2107 2438 2893
आणविक गुणहरू
अक्सिडेसन अवस्थाहरू4, 2, -4 (amphoteric oxide)
इलेक्ट्रो निगेटिभिटीPauling scale: 1.96
आणविक अर्धव्यासempirical: 140 pm
कोभ्यालेन्ट अर्धव्यास139±4 pm
भ्यान डर वाल अर्धव्यास217 pm
विविध
क्रिस्टल बनावटTetragonal (white), diamond cubic (gray)
थर्मल एक्सपान्सन22.0 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
थर्मल कन्डक्टिभिटी66.8 W·m−1·K−1
Electrical resistivity115 n Ω·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering(gray)diamagnetic[१], (white) paramagnetic
Young's modulus50 GPa
Shear modulus18 GPa
Bulk modulus58 GPa
Poisson ratio0.36
Mohs hardness1.5
Brinell hardness51 MPa
CAS Registry Number7440-31-5
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of tin
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
112Sn 0.97% 112Sn is stable with 62 neutrons
114Sn 0.66% 114Sn is stable with 64 neutrons
115Sn 0.34% 115Sn is stable with 65 neutrons
116Sn 14.54% 116Sn is stable with 66 neutrons
117Sn 7.68% 117Sn is stable with 67 neutrons
118Sn 24.22% 118Sn is stable with 68 neutrons
119Sn 8.59% 119Sn is stable with 69 neutrons
120Sn 32.58% 120Sn is stable with 70 neutrons
122Sn 4.63% 122Sn is stable with 72 neutrons
124Sn 5.79% 124Sn is stable with 74 neutrons
126Sn trace 2.3×105 y β 0.380 126Sb
· सन्दर्भ सामाग्रीहरू

References

  1. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81st edition, CRC press.