ढाँचा:IPAc-cmn

ढाँचा कागजात[हेर्नुहोस्] [सम्पादन गर्नुहोस्] [इतिहास] [ताजा गर्नुहोस्]

This template is used to produce a phonetic or phonemic representation (using the IPA system) of Mandarin Chinese words or sounds, using Pinyin input to avoid the need to search for the correct phonetic symbols. The result is wikilinked to Wikipedia:IPA for Mandarin. Optionally, an audio file can also be specified.

Usage

The number of parameters is always limited to 41 (Note: parameter #41 can only be a tone number).

Normal usage:

• {{IPAc-cmn|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2}} produces [t͡ʂʊ́ŋxwɑ̌]
• {{IPAc-cmn|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}} produces [ʐə̌nmǐn kʊ̂ŋxɰʌ̌kwɔ̌]

With an audio file:

• {{IPAc-cmn|AUD|Zh-hànyǔ.ogg|h|an|4|yu|3}} produces [xânỳ] ( )

To change the delimiters (for example, if several instances of the template need to be strung together because of the limit on the number of parameters):

• {{IPAc-cmn|[-|zh|ong|1|h|ua|2|-|r|en|2|m|in|2|-|g|ong|4|h|e|2|g|uo|2}} produces [t͡ʂʊ́ŋxwɑ̌ ʐə̌nmǐn kʊ̂ŋxɰʌ̌kwɔ̌

The full range of special values for the first parameter (changing the delimiters and/or specifying that the next parameter is an audio file) is as follows:

• -- [- -] // /- -/ AUD -]AUD //AUD -/AUD

The following initials are used as in Pinyin, and represent their normal sounds in Standard Mandarin:

• b p m f d t n l g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c s

Each final should be entered as a whole parameter, and as if it were not preceded by an initial, though in most cases either form is acceptable:

• yong (or iong), wa (or ua), etc.

But note that the finals with ‹ü›, despite usually being written with ‹u› in Pinyin, must use one of yu ü v here. Similarly, the true final ‹u› must be entered wu, and ‹i› as yi. The null final of shi, ri, etc. is i. Erhua is indicated simply with an ‹-r› as part of the final, e.g., angr.

Note that the o in combinations bo, po, mo and fo must use uo here. o is only used as an interjection, similar to ê

Complete list of Pinyin finals accepted for template input

i = ɨ ai = aɪ̯ an = an a = ɑ ang = ɑŋ ao = ɑʊ̯ ei = eɪ̯ en = ən ê = ɛ e = ɰʌ eng = əŋ yi = i yin, in = in ying, ing = iŋ ya, ia = jɑ yang, iang = jɑŋ yao, iao = jɑʊ̯ ye, ie = jɛ yan, ian = jɛn you, iu = jɤʊ̯ yo, io = jɔ yong, iong = jʊŋ ou = ɤʊ̯ o = ɔ wu = u yue, üe, ve = ɥœ yuan, üan, van = ɥɛn ong = ʊŋ wa, ua = wɑ wai, uai = waɪ̯ wan, uan = wan wang, uang = wɑŋ wei, ui = weɪ̯ wen, un = wən weng, ueng = wəŋ wo, uo = wɔ yu, ü, v = y yun, ün, vn = yn er, ar, air, anr = ɑɻ angr = ɑ̃ɻ aor = ɑʊ̯ɻ ir, eir, enr = əɻ engr = ə̃ɻ e'r = ɰʌɻ yar, iar, yanr, ianr = jɑɻ yangr, iangr = jɑ̃ɻ yaor, iaor = jɑʊ̯ɻ yinr, inr, yir = jəɻ yer, ier = jɛɻ yingr, ingr = jə̃ɻ your, iur = jɤʊ̯ɻ yongr, iongr = jʊ̃ɻ our = ɤʊ̯ɻ yuanr, üanr, vanr = ɥɑɻ yur, ür, vr, yunr, ünr, vnr = ɥəɻ yuer, üer, ver = ɥœɻ ongr, wengr, uengr = ʊ̃ɻ war, uar, wair, uair, wanr, uanr = wɑɻ wangr, uangr = wɑ̃ɻ weir, uir, wenr, unr = wəɻ wur = uɻ wor, uor = wɔɻ M = m̩ N = n̩ NG = ŋ̩

The tones are indicated by their traditional tone number, entered as the parameter after the final:

• 1 2 3 4 5

The following parameters have special meanings:

• - (hyphen) for a space between words
• . (period) for a syllable break
• ' (apostrophe) for a primary stress mark (placed before the stressed syllable)
• , (comma) for a secondary stress mark (placed before the stressed syllable)

Other values used as parameters will be displayed unconverted. (The conversion system is coded in Template:c-cmn. The tones are encoded in Template:tone-cmn)

See also

• Information on other IPA templates
• Wikipedia:IPA for Mandarin
• Mandarin phonology

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