"उदारवाद" का संशोधनहरू बिचको अन्तर

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'''उदारवाद''' [[स्वाधीनता]], कानुनी राज्य र [[विधिक समानता]] मा आधारित एक [[राजनैतिक दर्शन|राजनैतिक]] तथा [[नैतिक दर्शन]] हो। <ref>"liberalism In general, the belief that it is the aim of politics to preserve individual rights and to maximize freedom of choice." ''Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics'', Iain McLean and Alistair McMillan, Third edition 2009, {{ISBN|978-0-19-920516-5}}.</ref><ref>"political rationalism, hostility to autocracy, cultural distaste for conservatism and for tradition in general, tolerance, and [...] individualism". John Dunn. ''Western Political Theory in the Face of the Future'' (1993). Cambridge University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-521-43755-4}}.</ref><ref>"With a nod to [[Robert Trivers]]' definition of altruistic behaviour" ({{Harvnb|Trivers|1971|p=35}}), [[Satoshi Kanazawa]] defines liberalism (as opposed to conservatism) as "the genuine concern for the welfare of genetically unrelated others and the willingness to contribute larger proportions of private resources for the welfare of such others" ({{Harvnb|Kanazawa|2010|p=38}}).</ref> उदारवादले [[सिमित सरकार]], व्यक्तिको आधारभूत अधिकार (नागरिक तथा मानव अधिकार सहित ) [[पूँजीवाद]], [[स्वतन्त्र व्यापार]] , [[खुला बजार]], [[लोकतन्त्र|प्रजातन्त्र]],[[धर्मनिरपेक्षता]], [[लैङ्गिक समानता]], अभिव्यक्तिको स्वतन्त्रता , प्रेस स्वतन्त्रता र धार्मिक स्वतन्त्रतालाई समर्थन गर्छ। <ref name="LInternational">{{cite web|url=http://www.liberal-international.org/editorial.asp?ia_id=537|title=The Liberal Agenda for the 21st Century|access-date=20 March 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207012341/http://www.liberal-international.org/editorial.asp?ia_id=537|archive-date=7 February 2011}}</ref><ref name="Nader Hashemi">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=UkVIYjezrF0C&dq=liberalism+secularism|author=Nader Hashemi|title=Islam, Secularism, and Liberal Democracy: Toward a Democratic Theory for Muslim Societies|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|quote=|year=2009|isbn=978-0-19-971751-4}}</ref><ref name="Kathleen G. Donohue">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=htuTnexZAo8C&pg=PA1&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion|author=Kathleen G. Donohue|title=Freedom from Want: American Liberalism and the Idea of the Consumer (New Studies in American Intellectual and Cultural History)|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|quote=|isbn=978-0-8018-7426-0|date=19 December 2003|access-date=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="The Economist">{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/?id=KBzHAAAAIAAJ&q=liberalism+freedom+of+religion&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion|title=The Economist, Volume 341, Issues 7995–7997|journal=[[The Economist]]|quote=|year=1996|access-date=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="Sheldon S. Wolin">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=ndAdGl8ScfcC&pg=PA525&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion|author=Sehldon S. Wolin|title=Politics and Vision: Continuity and Innovation in Western Political Thought|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|quote=|isbn=978-0-691-11977-9|year=2004|access-date=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="Edwin Brown Firmage, Bernard G. Weiss, John Woodland Welch">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=mQJgnEITPRIC&pg=PA366&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion|author1=Edwin Brown Firmage|author2=Bernard G. Weiss|author3=John Woodland Welch|title=Religion and Law: Biblical-Judaic and Islamic Perspectives|publisher=[[Eisenbrauns]]|quote= |isbn=978-0-931464-39-3|year=1990 |access-date=31 December 2007}}</ref><ref name="John Joseph Lalor">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=Xsk6AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA760&dq=liberalism+freedom+of+religion#v=onepage&q=liberalism%20freedom%20of%20religion|first=John Joseph|last=Lalor|author-link=John Joseph Lalor|title=Cyclopædia of Political Science, Political Economy, and of the Political History of the United States|publisher=Nabu Press|quote=|year=1883|access-date=31 December 2007}}</ref>[[पहेंलो|पहेँलो]] उदारवादसँग जोडिएको [[राजनैतिक रङ]] हो। <ref>{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60393965|title=Color Design Workbook: A Real World Guide to Using Color in Graphic Design|last=Adams|first=Sean|last2=Morioka|first2=Noreen|last3=Stone|first3=Terry Lee|date=2006|publisher=Rockport Publishers|others=|year=|isbn=159253192X|location=Gloucester, Mass.|pages=86|oclc=60393965}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kumar|first=Rohit Vishal|last2=Joshi|first2=Radhika|date=October–December 2006|title=Colour, Colour Everywhere: In Marketing Too|url=https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=969272|journal=SCMS Journal of Indian Management|volume=3|issue=4|pages=40–46|issn=0973-3167|via=}}</ref><ref>Cassel-Picot, Muriel "The Liberal Democrats and the Green Cause: From Yellow to Green" in Leydier, Gilles and Martin, Alexia (2013) ''Environmental Issues in Political Discourse in Britain and Ireland''. Cambridge Scolars Publishing. [https://books.google.ca/books?id=fFgxBwAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA105#v=onepage&q&f=false p.105]. {{isbn|9781443852838}}</ref>
 
१६८८ को [[गौरवपूर्ण क्रान्ति]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/1688firstmodernr00stev|url-access=registration|title=1688: The First Modern Revolution|author=Steven Pincus|year=2009|publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-15605-8|access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref> १७७६ को [[अमेरिकी क्रान्ति]] र १७८९ को [[फ्रान्सेली राज्यक्रान्ती]]का नेताहरूले तानाशाही अत्याचार र थिचोमिचो विरुद्ध ससस्त्र विद्रोहलाई उचित सिद्ध गर्न उदारवादी दर्शनको प्रयोग गरेका थिए। उदारवाद द्रुत गति मा फैलन मुख्यतः फ्रान्सेली राज्य क्रान्तिपछि सुरु भयो। १९ औं शताब्दीमा युरोप र ल्याटिन अमेरिकी राष्ट्राहरूमा उदारवादी सरकारहरू देखा परे।
==शाब्दिक अर्थ तथा परिभाषा==
==दर्शन ==
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