"स्विट्जरल्यान्ड" का संशोधनहरू बिचको अन्तर
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सा r2.7.3) (रोबोट ले थप्दै: roa-rup:Shwaitsã |
कुनै सम्पादन सारांश छैन |
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पङ्क्ति १:
{{Wikify|date=जुन २०११}}
{{Infobox country
|conventional_long_name=
{{Collapsible list
|title = <center>'''Swiss Confederation'''</center>
|liststyle = margin-left:1.5em;text-align:left;
| {{nowrap|{{smaller|''Schweizerische''<br/>{{pad|2.0em}}''Eidgenossenschaft''}}{{nbsp|2}}{{small|{{nobold|([[Swiss German]])}}}}}}
| {{native name|fr|Confédération suisse}}
| {{native name|it|Confederazione Svizzera}}
| {{native name|rm|Confederaziun svizra}}
| {{native name|la|Confoederatio Helvetica (CH)}}
}}
|common_name = स्विजरल्याण्ड
|image_flag = Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
|image_coat = Coat of Arms of Switzerland (Pantone).svg
|image_map = Europe-Switzerland.svg
|map_caption = {{map caption |location_color=green |region=[[Europe]] |region_color=dark grey |legend=Europe-Switzerland.svg}}
|national_motto = {{small|(traditional)}}<br/>{{native phrase|la|"[[Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno]]"|italics=off}}<br/>{{small|"One for all, all for one"}}
|national_anthem = ''[[Swiss Psalm]]''
|languages_type = [[Official language|Official<br/>language]]s<ref>[http://www.admin.ch/ch/e/rs/101/a4.html Federal Constitution, article 4], "National languages" : ''National languages'' are German, French, Italian and Romansh; [http://www.admin.ch/ch/e/rs/101/a70.html Federal Constitution, article 70], "Languages", paragraph 1: The ''official languages'' of the Confederation are German, French and Italian. Romansh shall be an official language for communicating with persons of Romansh language.</ref>
|languages =
{{unbulleted list
| {{nowrap|63.7% [[Swiss German|(Swiss)]] [[German language|German]]}}
| 20.4% [[French language|French]]
| 6.5% [[Italian language|Italian]]
| 0.5% [[Romansh language|Romansh]]
}}
|demonym = स्विस
|capital = [[बर्न]] {{small|(''[[de facto]]'')}} <ref group=note>''[[De jure]]'' "federal city"; ''[[de facto]]'' capital. Due to historical [[Federalism|federalist]] sensibilities, Swiss law does not designate a formal capital; and some federal institutions such as courts are located in other cities.</ref>
|latd=46 |latm=57 |latNS=N |longd=7 |longm=27 |longEW=E
|largest_city = [[जुरिक]]
|legislature = [[Federal Assembly (Switzerland)|Federal Assembly]]
|upper_house = [[Council of States (Switzerland)|Council of States]]
|lower_house = [[National Council (Switzerland)|National Council]]
|government_type = [[Voting in Switzerland|Directly-democratic]] [[Directorial system|directorial]] [[Federation|federal]] [[republic]]
|leader_title1 = [[Federal Council (Switzerland)|Federal Council]]
|leader_name1 =
{{unbulleted list
<!--Ordered by seniority:-->
| [[Doris Leuthard|D. Leuthard]]
| {{nowrap|[[Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf|E. Widmer-Schlumpf]] {{small|([[President of the Swiss Confederation|President<!--#12-->]])}}}}
| [[Ueli Maurer|U. Maurer]] <!--{{small|([[President of the Swiss Confederation|President<!--#13-- ]])}}-->{{small|([[President of the Swiss Confederation|Vice President<!--#12-->]])}}
| [[Didier Burkhalter|D. Burkhalter]] <!--{{small|([[President of the Swiss Confederation|Vice President<!--#13-- ]])}}-->
| [[Simonetta Sommaruga|S. Sommaruga]]
| {{nowrap|[[Johann Schneider-Ammann|J. Schneider-Ammann]]}}
| [[Alain Berset|A. Berset]]
}}
|leader_title2 = {{nowrap|[[Federal Chancellor of Switzerland|Federal Chancellor]]}}
|leader_name2 = [[Corina Casanova|C. Casanova]]
|area_sq_mi = 15,940 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|area_rank = 133rd
|area_magnitude = 1 E10
|area_km2 = 41,285
|percent_water = 4.2
|population_estimate = 8,000,000<ref name="Population">{{cite web |url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/themen/01/22/press.html?pressID=8180 |title=Press Release: Estimates of Switzerland's population in 2012 - Switzerland has 8 million inhabitants |year=2012 |work=Swiss Federal Statistical Office |publisher=Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Neuchâtel |accessdate=2012-09-08}}</ref>
|population_estimate_year = 2012
|population_estimate_rank = 96th
|population_growth = +1.0%
|population_growth_year = 2009
|population_density_km2 = 188
|population_density_sq_mi = 477.4 <!--Do not remove per [[WP:MOSNUM]]-->
|population_density_rank = 65th
|population_census = 7,452,075
|population_census_year = 2000
|GDP_PPP = $339.890 billion<ref name=imf2>{{cite web |url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2012/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=57&pr.y=9&sy=2009&ey=2012&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=146&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CLP&grp=0&a= |title=Switzerland |publisher=International Monetary Fund |accessdate=2012-04-22}}</ref>
|GDP_PPP_year = 2011
|GDP_PPP_rank =
|GDP_PPP_per_capita = $43,369<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_PPP_per_capita_rank =
|GDP_nominal = $636.059 billion<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_rank =
|GDP_nominal_year = 2011
|GDP_nominal_per_capita = $81,160<ref name=imf2/>
|GDP_nominal_per_capita_rank =
|HDI_year = 2011
|HDI = {{nowrap|{{increase}} 0.903<ref name="HDI">{{cite web |url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/media/HDR_2010_EN_Complete.pdf |title=Human Development Report 2011 |year=2011 |publisher=United Nations |accessdate=4 November 2010}}{{dead link|date=May 2011}}</ref>}}
|HDI_rank = 11th
|HDI_category = <span style="color:#090;white-space:nowrap;">very high</span>
|Gini = 33.7
|Gini_year = 2009
|sovereignty_type = [[Independence]]
|established_event1 = [[Foundation of the Old Swiss Confederacy|Foundation date]]
|established_date1 = {{nowrap|[[Circa|c.]] 1300<ref group=note>The traditional date of the [[Rütlischwur]] was 1307 (reported by [[Aegidius Tschudi]] in the 16th century). The date of the [[Federal Charter of 1291]] was selected in 1891 for the official celebration of the "Confederacy's 600th anniversary".</ref>}}
|established_event2 = [[Treaty of Basel (1499)|''de facto'']]
|established_date2 = 22 September 1499
|established_event3 = [[Peace of Westphalia|Recognised]]
|established_date3 = 24 October 1648
|established_event4 = [[Restauration (Switzerland)|Restored]]
|established_date4 = 7 August 1815
|established_event5 = [[Switzerland as a federal state|Federal state]]
|established_date5 = 12 September 1848<ref>A [http://www.verfassungen.de/ch/tagsatzungsbeschluss48.htm solemn declaration of the Tagsatzung] declared the Federal Constitution adopted on 12 September 1848. A [http://www.verfassungen.de/ch/tagsatzungsbeschluss48-2.htm resolution of the Tagsatzung] of 14 September 1848 specified that the powers of the institutions provided for by the 1815 Federal Treaty would expire at the time of the constitution of the [[Swiss Federal Council|Federal Council]], which took place on 16 November 1848.</ref>
|currency = [[Swiss franc]]
|currency_code = CHF
|time_zone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = +1
|time_zone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|drives_on = right
|cctld = [[.ch]]
|calling_code = [[+41]]
}}<!--
NOTE: Edits to the introduction are frequently reverted. Please make sure to use the Edit summary below before saving any change to the lede and/or consider asking on the talk page if you are not sure.
The lead section should briefly summarize the MOST IMPORTANT points covered in the article.
-->
'''स्विजरल्याण्ड''' ({{lang-de|Schweiz}}<ref group=note>The [[Swiss German]] name is also sometimes spelled as ''Schwyz'' or ''Schwiiz''. ''[[Canton of Schwyz|Schwyz]]'' is also the standard German (and international) name of one of the Swiss cantons.</ref> {{IPA-de|ˈʃvaɪts|}}; {{lang-fr|Suisse}} {{IPA-fr|sɥis|}}; {{lang-it|Svizzera}} {{IPA-it|ˈzvit͡sːɛra|}}; {{lang-rm|Svizra}} {{IPA-rm|ˈʒviːtsrɐ|}} or {{IPA-rm|ˈʒviːtsʁːɐ|}}), पुरानाम '''Swiss Confederation''' ({{lang-la|Confoederatio Helvetica}} एक युरोपेली [[जनवदी गणतन्त्र]] राष्ट्र हो ।
{{stub}}
== जनसंख्या ==
स्वीट्जरल्याण्डको जनसन्ख्या ७.५ करोड् हो।
Line १८ ⟶ १२०:
== धर्म ==
== जीवनशैली ==
== अरु सम्बन्धित विषयहरू ==
* [[युरोप]]
== सन्दर्भ सूची ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== बाहिरी लिङ्कहरू ==
{{Sister project links|Switzerland}}
{{Cookbook}}
<!----
Please only list links of nation-wide relevance here. Consider adding other links to the "External links" section of the sub-articles listed.
----->
; सरकार
* [http://www.admin.ch/ The Federal Authorities of the Swiss Confederation]
* [http://www.swissworld.org/ Swissworld.org, Switzerland's information portal]
*{{owsi}} [http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index.html Swiss Statistics] at the [[Swiss Federal Statistical Office]].
* [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-s/switzerland.html Chief of State and Cabinet Members]
; सन्दर्भ
*{{CIA World Factbook link|sz|Switzerland}}
* [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/577225/Switzerland Switzerland] entry at ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''.
* [http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/switzerland.htm Switzerland] at ''UCB Libraries GovPubs''.
*{{dmoz|Regional/Europe/Switzerland}}
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17980650 Switzerland profile] from the [[BBC News]].
* [http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=CH Key Development Forecasts for Switzerland] from [[International Futures]].
; भूगोल
*{{Wikiatlas|Switzerland}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Switzerland}}
* [http://www.swisstopo.ch/ Federal Office of Topography]
* [http://map.search.ch/ Searchable interactive map (search.ch)]
* {{osmrelation-inline|51701}}
; यात्रा
*{{owsi}} [http://www.myswitzerland.com/ MySwitzerland.com] at Switzerland Tourism.
; इतिहास
*{{de icon}} {{fr icon}} {{it icon}} [http://www.hls-dhs-dss.ch/index.php Historical Dictionary of Switzerland]
* [http://swissamericanhistoricalsociety.org/ Swiss American Historical Society]
; भाषा
*[http://www.swiss-linguistics.com/ swiss-linguistics.com], a portal on current linguistic research in Switzerland.
; News media
* Daily newspapers
**{{de icon}} [http://www.tages-anzeiger.ch ''Tages-Anzeiger'']
**{{de icon}} [http://www.nzz.ch/ ''Neue Zürcher Zeitung'']
**{{fr icon}} [http://www.letemps.ch/ ''Le Temps'']
**{{it icon}} [http://www.cdt.ch/ ''Corriere Del Ticino'']
* [http://www.swissinfo.ch/ swissinfo.ch, Swiss News – Worldwide]
* [http://expatinch.com/html/media_tv_telephony.html expatinch.com, Swiss media resources page]
; शिक्षा
* [http://www.swissuniversity.ch/ Universities in Switzerland]
* [http://www.educa.ch/ The Swiss School System]
; Science, research, and technology
*{{owsi}} [http://www.sbf.admin.ch/ State Secretariat for Education and Research, SER]
*{{owsi}} [http://wwww.snf.ch/ The Swiss National Science Foundation]
* [http://www.myscience.ch/ The Swiss Portal for Research and Innovation] (private source).
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[[श्रेणी:स्विजरल्याण्ड]]
[[श्रेणी:देशहरू]]
[[श्रेणी:युरोप]]
[[ace:Swiss]]
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