"बुद्धिचाल" का संशोधनहरू बिचको अन्तर

correction, replaced: पछी → पछि using AWB
सा Bot: Fixing redirects
पङ्क्ति १०:
धेरै [[इतिहासकार]]हरुको मान्यता छ कि बुद्धिचाल सबैभन्दा पहिला पश्चिमोत्तर भारतमा [[गुप्त सम्राट]]को बेला, [[छैठौं शताब्दी]] <small>[[AD]]</small>मा खेलिन्थ्यो। <ref name="Murray">{{cite book | author=Murray H.J.R. | title=A history of chess | publisher=Benjamin Press (first published by Oxford University Press) | year=1913 | isbn=0-936317-01-9 | oclc=13472872}}</ref><ref name="H/W"/> This early type of chess was known as ''Chaturaṅga'', a [[Sanskrit]] word for the [[military]]. The Gupta chess pieces were divided like their military into the [[infantry]], [[cavalry]], [[elephant]]s, and [[chariot]]s. In time, these pieces became the pawn, knight, bishop, and rook. The English words ''chess'' and ''check'' both come from the [[Persian]] word ''shāh'' meaning king.<ref name="Murray"/>
 
The earliest written [[evidence]] of chess is found in three [[romance]]s (epic stories) written in [[Sassanid]] [[Persia]] around 600<small>AD</small>. The game was known as ''chatrang'' or ''shatranj''. When Persia was taken over by [[Muslim]]s (633–644) the game was spread to all parts of the Muslim world. Muslim [[trade]]rs carried the game to [[रुस|Russia]] and to Western Europe. By the year 1000 it had spread all over Europe. In the 13th century a [[Spanish (language)|Spanish]] [[manuscript]] called ''Libro de los Juegos'' describes the games of shatranj (chess), [[backgammon]], and [[dice]].<ref>Audubert, Pierre 1978. ''Das spanische Schachbuch des Königs Alfons des Weisen vom Jahr 1283''. Idion, Munchen.</ref>
 
The game changed greatly between about 1470 to 1495. The rules of the older IndoArabic game were changed in the West so that some of the pieces (queen, bishop) had more scope, development of the pieces was faster, and the game more exciting. The new game formed the basis of modern international chess. Historians of chess consider this as the most important change since the game was invented.<ref name="Murray"/><ref>Eales, Richard. 1983. ''Chess: the history of a game''. Batsford, London.</ref>
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